air coolant sensor

the way the aircoolant sensor works is as the temperture increseas,resistance decreases and the voltage through and from the sensor increases

thermo fan switch.

the way a thermo switch works is, it will keep the circuit broken until the ecu decides it needs the fan to work, like switch.
Inside of thE switch is a open circuit untill the right tempure ture is reached then it will be a full circuot.

we did a small test on the fan swtich to check the resistance at the diffrent tempertures graph to show readings.

water temperature sensor

we boild some water up and tested the water temperature sensor.

graph to show readings.



It was a NTC type temperture sensor.

The way is works, there is a verble resistor in the sensor and when the temperture changes it can react to it and and the resistance will change,when the resistance gets higher we need more voltage to push. the raitoe changes betwwen the verble and the known resistor.

vane or flap air flow meter (ATM)

we check how this sensor operates when the vane is oprn the resistance gose up so more voltage is allowwd thorgh, and the sensor can pick that up, when its closed vise wise

map

I tested the MAP and the way it works is..
its reading the vacuum, so when the vacuum pressuer gose up the voltage gose down,there is a verable resistor in the circuit that veres when more vacuum is accring then resists more so less voltage is going to be applied.

Testing throttle body swiytch

i tested the T.B.SWITCH and the way it works is like a switch on or of..

exp.#8

we had to set up a circut and check the voltage at vce,vbe,ic,ib useing
1NPN diode bc547
1resistor 470
vary resistors2.2K,47k,220k,270,1M
then i had to record the voltage at the trasistor at vce,vbe,ic,ib for each of the resistors.

the voltage at vce was geting bigger as we put bigger resistance because we need more preusser to push through the bigger resistor.

the voltage at vbe didnt chage much as we didnt chage the resistance.

The voltage at ib keep droping as we put bigger resistors becase ther was less current.
the ic chaged because ther was less current going throgh, and we getting bigger resistance on the base

then we out our reading frm ic and vce on a graph and create a loadline.